Politiscales axis
Constructivism
Identity categories (gender, race, criminality…) are largely shaped by society and history, not fixed by nature.
Higher percentage = stronger alignment with this side of the spectrum. The opposite axis is Essentialism.
174 of 174 reliable models scored
59%
average
- #1deepseek-chatDeepSeek90%
- #2llama-3.1-70b-instructMeta86%
- #3rnj-1-instructEssential AI83%
- #4gpt-3.5-turbo-16kOpenAI82%
- #5qwen3-235b-a22b-2507Qwen81%
- #6qwen3-vl-235b-a22b-instructQwen81%
- #7trinity-large-thinkingArcee AI79%
- #8nova-pro-v1Amazon79%
- #9qwen-2.5-72b-instructQwen79%
- #10qwen-plus-2025-07-28Qwen79%
- #11qwen3-max-thinkingQwen78%
- #12nova-premier-v1Amazon77%
- #13kimi-k2Moonshot77%
- #14llama-4-scoutMeta76%
- #15devstral-mediumMistral76%
- #16ministral-8b-2512Mistral76%
- #17qwen3-next-80b-a3b-instructQwen76%
- #18gemini-2.5-proGoogle76%
- #19kimi-k2-thinkingMoonshot73%
- #20gemini-3.1-flash-image-previewGoogle72%
- #21seed-1.6-flashByteDance72%
- #22grok-4.20-0309-non-reasoningxAI72%
- #23kimi-k2.5Moonshot71%
- #24gpt-4.1-mini-2025-04-14OpenAI70%
- #25seed-1.6ByteDance70%
- #26gemini-3-pro-previewGoogle70%
- #27llama-3.3-nemotron-super-49b-v1.5NVIDIA70%
- #28qwen3-30b-a3b-thinking-2507Qwen69%
- #29gemini-flash-latestOpenRouter68%
- #30ministral-14b-2512Mistral68%
- #31pixtral-large-2411Mistral68%
- #32deepseek-chat-v3-0324DeepSeek67%
- #33llama-3.3-70b-instructMeta67%
- #34qwen-turboQwen67%
- #35qwen3-30b-a3b-instruct-2507Qwen67%
- #36qwen3-vl-8b-instructQwen67%
- #37o3-mini-2025-01-31OpenAI66%
- #38gpt-4-turboOpenAI64%
- #39gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18OpenAI64%
- #40mistral-medium-3Mistral64%
- #41nemotron-nano-9b-v2NVIDIA63%
- #42minimax-m2.5MiniMax63%
- #43claude-haiku-latestOpenRouter63%
- #44gemini-2.5-flashGoogle63%
- #45gpt-4OpenAI63%
- #46mistral-large-2411Mistral63%
- #47qwen3-coderQwen63%
- #48gpt-5.4-nano-2026-03-17OpenAI62%
- #49ministral-3b-2512Mistral62%
- #50gpt-4o-miniOpenAI62%
- #51gpt-5.5OpenAI62%
- #52claude-sonnet-4-20250514Anthropic61%
- #53nova-micro-v1Amazon61%
- #54glm-4.5-airZ.ai61%
- #55mistral-medium-3.1Mistral61%
- #56deepseek-v3.1-nex-n1OpenRouter61%
- #57deepseek-v3.2DeepSeek61%
- #58deepseek-r1t2-chimeraOpenRouter61%
- #59glm-5.1Z.ai61%
- #60gemini-3.1-pro-preview-customtoolsGoogle60%
- #61gpt-4o-2024-05-13OpenAI60%
- #62minimax-m2.7MiniMax60%
- #63grok-4.20xAI60%
- #64grok-3xAI60%
- #65deepseek-v4-flashDeepSeek59%
- #66minimax-m2.1MiniMax59%
- #67qwen3.5-35b-a3bQwen59%
- #68gpt-5.4-nanoOpenAI59%
- #69gemini-2.5-flash-liteGoogle59%
- #70qwen3-30b-a3bQwen59%
- #71mimo-v2-flashOpenRouter58%
- #72gemini-robotics-er-1.6-previewGoogle58%
- #73qwen3.5-9bQwen58%
- #74kimi-k2.6Moonshot58%
- #75gpt-5-nano-2025-08-07OpenAI57%
- #76glm-4.7Z.ai57%
- #77gpt-5.2-2025-12-11OpenAI57%
- #78nova-2-lite-v1Amazon57%
- #79mistral-small-2603Mistral57%
- #80step-3.5-flashOpenRouter57%
- #81claude-sonnet-latestOpenRouter57%
- #82mistral-largeMistral57%
- #83mistral-large-2407Mistral57%
- #84mistral-large-2512Mistral57%
- #85gpt-5.4-miniOpenAI56%
- #86glm-4.6vZ.ai56%
- #87claude-haiku-4-5-20251001Anthropic56%
- #88claude-opus-4-7Anthropic56%
- #89gemini-3-pro-image-previewGoogle56%
- #90gemini-robotics-er-1.5-previewGoogle56%
- #91gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17OpenAI56%
- #92qwen3-coder-plusQwen56%
- #93grok-3-betaxAI56%
- #94gpt-latestOpenRouter56%
- #95gpt-mini-latestOpenRouter55%
- #96minimax-m2MiniMax55%
- #97gemini-3-flash-previewGoogle55%
- #98gpt-4.1-2025-04-14OpenAI55%
- #99gpt-4o-2024-08-06OpenAI55%
- #100o1OpenAI55%
- #101qwen-maxQwen55%
- #102grok-3xAI55%
- #103claude-opus-latestOpenRouter55%
- #104kimi-k2-0905Moonshot54%
- #105pareto-codeOpenRouter54%
- #106gpt-4.1-miniOpenAI54%
- #107gemini-3.1-pro-previewGoogle54%
- #108o1-2024-12-17OpenAI54%
- #109qwen3-maxQwen54%
- #110o3OpenAI54%
- #111claude-opus-4-1-20250805Anthropic53%
- #112claude-opus-4-6Anthropic53%
- #113gpt-5-chat-latestOpenAI53%
- #114qwen3.5-397b-a17bQwen53%
- #115gpt-4oOpenAI53%
- #116minimax-m1MiniMax53%
- #117glm-4.5Z.ai53%
- #118deepseek-v3.2-expDeepSeek53%
- #119mistral-sabaMistral53%
- #120mixtral-8x22b-instructMistral53%
- #121gpt-5-2025-08-07OpenAI53%
- #122gpt-5-miniOpenAI53%
- #123gpt-5-nanoOpenAI53%
- #124gpt-5.2-chat-latestOpenAI53%
- #125o4-miniOpenAI53%
- #126o4-mini-2025-04-16OpenAI53%
- #127deepseek-v3.1-terminusDeepSeek53%
- #128gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09OpenAI52%
- #129gpt-4.1OpenAI52%
- #130gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07OpenAI52%
- #131gpt-5.2OpenAI52%
- #132gpt-5.4-2026-03-05OpenAI52%
- #133gpt-5.5-2026-04-23OpenAI52%
- #134autoOpenRouter52%
- #135qwen3-vl-30b-a3b-instructQwen52%
- #136o3-2025-04-16OpenAI52%
- #137deepseek-r1-0528DeepSeek52%
- #138gpt-5OpenAI52%
- #139gpt-5.1-2025-11-13OpenAI51%
- #140grok-4-fastxAI51%
- #141glm-4.6Z.ai51%
- #142claude-opus-4-20250514Anthropic51%
- #143claude-opus-4-5-20251101Anthropic51%
- #144gemini-pro-latestGoogle51%
- #145gpt-4o-2024-11-20OpenAI51%
- #146devstral-2512Mistral51%
- #147intellect-3Prime Intellect51%
- #148gemini-flash-latestGoogle51%
- #149qwen3-vl-8b-thinkingQwen51%
- #150claude-sonnet-4-6Anthropic50%
- #151gpt-5.3-chat-latestOpenAI50%
- #152kat-coder-pro-v2KwaiPilot50%
- #153nemotron-3-nano-30b-a3bNVIDIA50%
- #154grok-4xAI50%
- #155glm-5Z.ai50%
- #156grok-4-fast-non-reasoningxAI50%
- #157grok-4-fast-reasoningxAI50%
- #158gpt-5.4OpenAI49%
- #159deepseek-r1DeepSeek49%
- #160claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929Anthropic49%
- #161o3-miniOpenAI49%
- #162mistral-small-creativeMistral49%
- #163gpt-5.1OpenAI49%
- #164devstral-smallMistral48%
- #165mistral-small-3.2-24b-instructMistral48%
- #166grok-3-minixAI48%
- #167grok-3-minixAI47%
- #168olmo-3.1-32b-instructAllen AI47%
- #169grok-4-1-fast-non-reasoningxAI47%
- #170grok-4.20-0309-reasoningxAI44%
- #171gpt-4-0613OpenAI42%
- #172gpt-3.5-turboOpenAI41%
- #173grok-4.1-fastxAI39%
- #174grok-4-1-fast-reasoningxAI39%
Sort by another axis
Pick from all 23 Politiscales axes
How is this computed?
See the methodology